{"id":4159,"date":"2026-02-04T16:57:12","date_gmt":"2026-02-04T13:57:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/?p=4159"},"modified":"2026-02-04T16:57:12","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T13:57:12","slug":"what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (Stool Transplant, Fecal Transplant) ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#What_is_Faecal_Microbiota_Transplantation_Stool_Transplant_Fecal_Transplant\" title=\"What is Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (Stool Transplant, Fecal Transplant)?\">What is Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (Stool Transplant, Fecal Transplant)?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Why_Is_FMT_Treatment_Needed\" title=\"Why Is FMT Treatment Needed?\">Why Is FMT Treatment Needed?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#How_Does_Flora_Form\" title=\"How Does Flora Form?\">How Does Flora Form?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#How_Does_Colon_Flora_Get_Damaged\" title=\"How Does Colon Flora Get Damaged?\">How Does Colon Flora Get Damaged?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#What_Diseases_Occur_When_Colon_Flora_Is_Damaged\" title=\"What Diseases Occur When Colon Flora Is Damaged?\">What Diseases Occur When Colon Flora Is Damaged?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Who_Needs_FMT_Treatment\" title=\"Who Needs FMT Treatment?\">Who Needs FMT Treatment?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#What_Is_the_Purpose_of_FMT_Treatment\" title=\"What Is the Purpose of FMT Treatment?\">What Is the Purpose of FMT Treatment?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Can_FMT_Be_Applied_to_Every_Patient_Who_Needs_It\" title=\"Can FMT Be Applied to Every Patient Who Needs It?\">Can FMT Be Applied to Every Patient Who Needs It?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Is_There_an_Age_Limit_for_FMT_Treatment\" title=\"Is There an Age Limit for FMT Treatment?\">Is There an Age Limit for FMT Treatment?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Who_Cannot_Receive_FMT_Treatment\" title=\"Who Cannot Receive FMT Treatment?\">Who Cannot Receive FMT Treatment?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Is_FMT_Treatment_a_Difficult_Procedure\" title=\"Is FMT Treatment a Difficult Procedure?\">Is FMT Treatment a Difficult Procedure?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#How_Is_Donor_Selection_Done_in_FMT_Treatment\" title=\"How Is Donor Selection Done in FMT Treatment?\">How Is Donor Selection Done in FMT Treatment?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#How_Many_Sessions_of_FMT_Treatment_Are_Performed\" title=\"How Many Sessions of FMT Treatment Are Performed?\">How Many Sessions of FMT Treatment Are Performed?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#When_Does_the_Effect_Start_to_Be_Seen_After_FMT_Treatment\" title=\"When Does the Effect Start to Be Seen After FMT Treatment?\">When Does the Effect Start to Be Seen After FMT Treatment?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Should_the_Donor_Be_of_the_Same_Gender_in_FMT_Treatment\" title=\"Should the Donor Be of the Same Gender in FMT Treatment?\">Should the Donor Be of the Same Gender in FMT Treatment?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Should_the_Donor_Be_From_Close_Relatives_in_FMT_Treatment\" title=\"Should the Donor Be From Close Relatives in FMT Treatment?\">Should the Donor Be From Close Relatives in FMT Treatment?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Should_the_Donor_and_Patient_Be_of_the_Same_Blood_Type_in_FMT_Treatment\" title=\"Should the Donor and Patient Be of the Same Blood Type in FMT Treatment?\">Should the Donor and Patient Be of the Same Blood Type in FMT Treatment?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#How_Many_Donors_Should_Be_Used_for_FMT\" title=\"How Many Donors Should Be Used for FMT?\">How Many Donors Should Be Used for FMT?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#How_Many_Types_of_FMT_Are_There_According_to_the_Transplant_Material_Used\" title=\"How Many Types of FMT Are There According to the Transplant Material Used?\">How Many Types of FMT Are There According to the Transplant Material Used?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Which_Type_of_Transplant_Material_Is_Used_for_the_Most_Effective_FMT\" title=\"Which Type of Transplant Material Is Used for the Most Effective FMT?\">Which Type of Transplant Material Is Used for the Most Effective FMT?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#How_Many_Types_of_FMT_Are_There_According_to_Application_Methods\" title=\"How Many Types of FMT Are There According to Application Methods?\">How Many Types of FMT Are There According to Application Methods?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#What_Is_Donor_Safety_in_FMT\" title=\"What Is Donor Safety in FMT?\">What Is Donor Safety in FMT?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Are_There_Complications_of_FMT_Application\" title=\"Are There Complications of FMT Application?\">Are There Complications of FMT Application?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#How_Is_Endoscopic_and_Colonoscopic_FMT_Performed\" title=\"How Is Endoscopic and Colonoscopic FMT Performed?\">How Is Endoscopic and Colonoscopic FMT Performed?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#How_Long_Does_Endoscopic_and_Colonoscopic_FMT_Application_Take\" title=\"How Long Does Endoscopic and Colonoscopic FMT Application Take?\">How Long Does Endoscopic and Colonoscopic FMT Application Take?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Is_It_Necessary_to_Stay_in_the_Hospital_Before_and_After_FMT\" title=\"Is It Necessary to Stay in the Hospital Before and After FMT?\">Is It Necessary to Stay in the Hospital Before and After FMT?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Does_FMT_Make_Our_Existing_Disease_Worse\" title=\"Does FMT Make Our Existing Disease Worse?\">Does FMT Make Our Existing Disease Worse?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#What_Is_Capsule_FMT\" title=\"What Is Capsule FMT?\">What Is Capsule FMT?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#What_Is_Frozen_FMT\" title=\"What Is Frozen FMT?\">What Is Frozen FMT?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#What_Is_Live_Real_Time_FMT\" title=\"What Is Live (Real Time) FMT?\">What Is Live (Real Time) FMT?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Table_1_Exclusion_Criteria_in_Donor_Selection\" title=\"Table 1: Exclusion Criteria in Donor Selection\">Table 1: Exclusion Criteria in Donor Selection<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/#Table_2_Donor_Quality_Scoring\" title=\"Table 2: Donor Quality Scoring\">Table 2: Donor Quality Scoring<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Faecal_Microbiota_Transplantation_Stool_Transplant_Fecal_Transplant\"><\/span>What is Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (Stool Transplant, Fecal Transplant)?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>F<\/strong>aecal <strong>M<\/strong>icrobiota <strong>T<\/strong>ransplantation (<strong>FMT<\/strong>), known by its short name <strong>FMT<\/strong> in international literature, also commonly referred to as &#8221;<strong>Stool Transplant<\/strong>&#8221; or &#8216;<strong>&#8216;Fecal Transplant<\/strong>&#8221;, is a procedure in which the transplant material obtained by processing the feces taken from a healthy donor with high biodiversity is transferred to the patient&#8217;s large intestine.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_Is_FMT_Treatment_Needed\"><\/span>Why Is FMT Treatment Needed?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In certain parts of the human body, we live in peace, harmony, and balance with trillions of single-celled organisms that live with us, do not harm us, also produce benefits, form the most important antimicrobial defense line of the region they inhabit, enable digestion of nutrients through their enzymatic functions, contribute to the acidity and moisture of their region, provide synthesis of vital structures (vitamins, neurotransmitters, etc.), contribute to the formation and protection of mucus structure in their region, continuously renew themselves, have very rapid reproduction capability, have lifespans limited to hours, consist of thousands of varieties, mostly bacteria, viruses, and yeasts. All these single-celled organisms are called FLORA. <strong><em>It is not possible for us to live without our flora. Humans see themselves as rulers of the Earth, but they are not aware that they depend on even single-celled microbes as long as things go well in the life cycle.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>FLORA is named according to the region where it is located as <em>colon (LARGE INTESTINE) flora, oral flora, external ear canal flora, genital area flora, skin flora<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>FMT treatment is needed for the healing of diseases that occur as a result of decreased biodiversity in our COLON flora.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In the digestive system, flora elements that have completed their lifespan naturally progress and are stored in the rectum, the last part of the large intestine, and are expelled through the anal route. Flora members with very short life cycles continuously renew themselves.<strong><em> 70% of STOOL volume consists of dead and living flora waste.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Does_Flora_Form\"><\/span>How Does Flora Form?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Starting from the processes experienced before birth, how the birth occurred, how many weeks the person was born at, birth weight, how long and sufficiently they received breast milk, nutritional adequacy, diseases experienced, the number of people in their immediate environment, the flora biodiversity of people in their close environment, the healthiness of the environment they live in, etc., are determining factors in the formation of human flora. Because we acquire our flora from the environment we come into contact with.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Does_Colon_Flora_Get_Damaged\"><\/span>How Does Colon Flora Get Damaged?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Due to factors such as long-term antibiotic use, nutritional deficiency, eating disorders, inadequate access to water and food in hygienic conditions, surgical interventions (especially digestive system surgery), inability to eat orally for a long time (coma processes, intensive care treatments, death fasts, hunger strikes, etc.), cancer treatments (chemotherapy, radiotherapy), pesticide residues used in agricultural production, consumption of GMO products, long-term debilitating infectious diseases (sepsis, hospital infections, pneumonia, meningitis, dysentery, cholera, etc.), chronic diarrhea, use of industrial food products, etc., there may be a decrease in biodiversity and disturbances in the configuration of our large intestine flora.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Diseases_Occur_When_Colon_Flora_Is_Damaged\"><\/span>What Diseases Occur When Colon Flora Is Damaged?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In people whose Colon Flora has decreased in mass and number, the place of the lost flora is invaded by either other flora members or pathogenic (disease-causing) microorganisms. Accordingly, intestinal motility disorders (IBS, diarrhea, constipation, excessive gas), digestive disorders (Celiac Disease, etc.), malabsorption disorders, diseases related to intestinal surface damage (Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn&#8217;s Disease) occur. One of the most important factors in the formation of obesity is the dominance of carbohydrate flora. You often hear around you &#8221;I can&#8217;t feel full without eating bread&#8221; or &#8221;I can&#8217;t feel full without eating sweets&#8221;. These words are completely true and indicate that carbohydrate flora is dominant in that person. With the deterioration of flora, more than one of these diseases and complaints can be seen in the same person.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Who_Needs_FMT_Treatment\"><\/span>Who Needs FMT Treatment?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>FMT treatment is effective in patients with the above-mentioned diseases that develop due to colon flora damage. FMT can be performed to strengthen immunity in patients with immune system-related diseases. FMT is applied in Clostridium Difficile treatment. There are many studies showing that FMT treatment is effective in Obesity, Food Allergy, Autism, Alzheimer&#8217;s Disease, and autoimmune diseases.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Is_the_Purpose_of_FMT_Treatment\"><\/span>What Is the Purpose of FMT Treatment?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The purpose of FMT treatment is to restore the damaged flora. If the colon flora can be restored with sufficient biodiversity, diseases caused by colon flora damage can be treated.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Can_FMT_Be_Applied_to_Every_Patient_Who_Needs_It\"><\/span>Can FMT Be Applied to Every Patient Who Needs It?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>FMT can be applied to every patient who does not have active bleeding in the colon and whose colonoscopy conditions are suitable for FMT.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Is_There_an_Age_Limit_for_FMT_Treatment\"><\/span>Is There an Age Limit for FMT Treatment?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>There is no age limit for FMT treatment.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Who_Cannot_Receive_FMT_Treatment\"><\/span>Who Cannot Receive FMT Treatment?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>FMT cannot be performed in cases defined as &#8221;ILEUS&#8221; where there is no intestinal movement, in those with active colonic bleeding, and in sepsis and coma conditions.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Is_FMT_Treatment_a_Difficult_Procedure\"><\/span>Is FMT Treatment a Difficult Procedure?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>FMT is not a difficult procedure. Its preparations, preparation of transfer material, and deciding to perform the procedure on the right person at the right time require serious experience.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Is_Donor_Selection_Done_in_FMT_Treatment\"><\/span>How Is Donor Selection Done in FMT Treatment?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In FMT treatment, donor selection is made according to the criteria in the tables below. (Please see Table 1 and Table 2 below). As can be seen in the tables, the most important factors are that the donor is healthy, does not carry any contagious disease risk, is naturally fed, and has received sufficient breast milk.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Many_Sessions_of_FMT_Treatment_Are_Performed\"><\/span>How Many Sessions of FMT Treatment Are Performed?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>At least one session is applied. However, the ideal is five sessions with one-week intervals.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"When_Does_the_Effect_Start_to_Be_Seen_After_FMT_Treatment\"><\/span>When Does the Effect Start to Be Seen After FMT Treatment?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The effect starts within hours after FMT. Optimal effectiveness appears in 3 weeks.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Should_the_Donor_Be_of_the_Same_Gender_in_FMT_Treatment\"><\/span>Should the Donor Be of the Same Gender in FMT Treatment?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>No. The donor does not need to be of the same gender as the patient.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Should_the_Donor_Be_From_Close_Relatives_in_FMT_Treatment\"><\/span>Should the Donor Be From Close Relatives in FMT Treatment?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>No. Genetic relationship between donor and patient is not required.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Should_the_Donor_and_Patient_Be_of_the_Same_Blood_Type_in_FMT_Treatment\"><\/span>Should the Donor and Patient Be of the Same Blood Type in FMT Treatment?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>No. The donor and patient do not need to be of the same blood type.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Many_Donors_Should_Be_Used_for_FMT\"><\/span>How Many Donors Should Be Used for FMT?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Since the purpose of FMT treatment is to increase biodiversity, the more donors used, the greater the FMT effectiveness and success.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Many_Types_of_FMT_Are_There_According_to_the_Transplant_Material_Used\"><\/span>How Many Types of FMT Are There According to the Transplant Material Used?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>FMT performed without waiting after the stool is taken from the donor (Real Time FMT)<\/li>\n<li>FMT performed using frozen stored material (Frozen FMT)<\/li>\n<li>FMT taken orally prepared in capsule form (Capsule FMT)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Which_Type_of_Transplant_Material_Is_Used_for_the_Most_Effective_FMT\"><\/span>Which Type of Transplant Material Is Used for the Most Effective FMT?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The most effective FMT type is <strong><em>&#8221;Real Time FMT&#8217;<\/em><\/strong>. Because what is intended to be transferred with FMT are live flora samples. The chance of live flora surviving and attaching in the colon is highest with <strong><em>&#8221;Real Time FMT&#8217;<\/em><\/strong>. The success rate in Frozen FMT is lower. Capsule FMT has the lowest success rate among these.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Many_Types_of_FMT_Are_There_According_to_Application_Methods\"><\/span>How Many Types of FMT Are There According to Application Methods?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>FMT application in the form of enema (Rectal enema)<\/li>\n<li>Endoscopic FMT application<\/li>\n<li>Colonoscopic FMT application<\/li>\n<li>Combined endoscopic and colonoscopic FMT application (The application with the highest success rate)<\/li>\n<li>Capsule FMT<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Is_Donor_Safety_in_FMT\"><\/span>What Is Donor Safety in FMT?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In donor selection, preliminary donor candidates are determined according to Table 1 and 2 criteria. Then, the preliminary candidates undergo general examination and questioning. If there is no problem here, a series of blood, stool, and urine tests are performed. If there is no problem here either, they are accepted as donors.<\/p>\n<p>If donors are not adequately examined, there is a risk of transmission of some diseases from donor to patient. First of all, the donor&#8217;s lifestyle and background must be well known. The main purpose of this questioning and examinations is to identify donor candidates with high biodiversity.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Are_There_Complications_of_FMT_Application\"><\/span>Are There Complications of FMT Application?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Every treatment can carry certain risks. When deciding on treatment, a benefit-risk calculation is made. If the benefit to be obtained is higher, the treatment is performed. Complications that may be encountered in FMT treatment:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fever<\/li>\n<li>Abdominal pain<\/li>\n<li>Sepsis (general infection)<\/li>\n<li>Complications related to colonoscopy application (bleeding, perforation, etc.)<\/li>\n<li>Disease transmission<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Complications that may occur due to colonoscopy are directly proportional to the team&#8217;s experience. Other complications can also be seen very rarely if patient selection is done appropriately.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Is_Endoscopic_and_Colonoscopic_FMT_Performed\"><\/span>How Is Endoscopic and Colonoscopic FMT Performed?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Both applications are performed in the hospital, under operating room conditions, after the necessary bowel cleansing, under anesthesia. During this time, the patient does not feel anything.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Long_Does_Endoscopic_and_Colonoscopic_FMT_Application_Take\"><\/span>How Long Does Endoscopic and Colonoscopic FMT Application Take?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Each procedure takes an average of 15-20 minutes to perform. Patients are discharged 2 hours after the procedure and return to their daily lives. FMT application does not require hospitalization.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Is_It_Necessary_to_Stay_in_the_Hospital_Before_and_After_FMT\"><\/span>Is It Necessary to Stay in the Hospital Before and After FMT?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>No.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Does_FMT_Make_Our_Existing_Disease_Worse\"><\/span>Does FMT Make Our Existing Disease Worse?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>No.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Is_Capsule_FMT\"><\/span>What Is Capsule FMT?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>It is the process of processing the stool taken from the donor and placing it in a capsule, and the patient taking the fecal content orally.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Is_Frozen_FMT\"><\/span>What Is Frozen FMT?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>It is the preservation of the stool sample taken from the donor by freezing at -40 <sup>0<\/sup>C. FMT is performed using frozen material when needed.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Is_Live_Real_Time_FMT\"><\/span>What Is Live (Real Time) FMT?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>It is the FMT application performed by preparing the stool taken from the donor without any waiting.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Assoc. Prof. Dr. Murat Kanli\u00f6z<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>General Surgery Specialist<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Table_1_Exclusion_Criteria_in_Donor_Selection\"><\/span>Table 1: Exclusion Criteria in Donor Selection<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"height: 1104px;\" width=\"1328\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"286\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Criteria for the Last Three Months<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"194\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Criteria for the Last Six Months<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"333\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Time-Independent Criteria<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"286\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>-Those hospitalized<\/p>\n<p>-Those receiving intravenous treatment<\/p>\n<p>-Those who received live vaccines<\/p>\n<p>-Those using antibiotics<\/p>\n<p>-Those using antifungals<\/p>\n<p>-Those who received parasite treatment<\/p>\n<p>-Those using antivirals<\/p>\n<p>-Those who received dental treatment<\/p>\n<p>-Those who underwent surgical intervention<\/p>\n<p>-Those with animal bite history<\/p>\n<p>-Those with open wounds<\/p>\n<p>-Those with diarrhea<\/p>\n<p>-Suspicious sexual intercourse<\/p>\n<p>-Those with active infection<\/p>\n<p>-Those who gave birth<\/p>\n<p>-Travel to risky areas<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td width=\"194\">-Chemotherapy<\/p>\n<p>-Radiotherapy<\/p>\n<p>-Hormone therapy<\/p>\n<p>-Immunosuppressive treatment<\/p>\n<p>-Intensive care treatment<\/p>\n<p>-Oral STOP exceeding 7 days<\/p>\n<p>-Major surgical intervention<\/p>\n<p>-Blood transfusion<\/p>\n<p>-Those who had HAV infection<\/p>\n<p>-Contact with agricultural chemicals<\/td>\n<td width=\"333\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>-Being an HIV infection carrier (AIDS Disease)<\/p>\n<p>-Being a Hepatitis B infection carrier<\/p>\n<p>-Being a Hepatitis C infection carrier<\/p>\n<p>-Those with Chronic Infectious Disease<\/p>\n<p>-Those thinner than BMI: 20 kg\/m<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>-Those heavier than BMI: 30 kg\/m<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>-Diabetic Patients Using Insulin<\/p>\n<p>-Those with Autoimmune Disease<\/p>\n<p>-Ulcerative Colitis Patients<\/p>\n<p>-Crohn&#8217;s Patients<\/p>\n<p>-Celiac Patients<\/p>\n<p>-Those with Lactose Intolerance<\/p>\n<p>-Those Diagnosed with Digestive System Cancer<\/p>\n<p>-Those Who Had Digestive System Surgery (Except Appendectomy)<\/p>\n<p>-Those who received less than 6 months of breast milk<\/p>\n<p>-Those diagnosed with Leaky Gut Syndrome (LGS)<\/p>\n<p>-Drug addicts<\/p>\n<p>-Alcoholics<\/p>\n<p>-Healthcare workers<\/p>\n<p>-Sex workers<\/p>\n<p>-Homosexuals<\/p>\n<p>-Those over 50 years old<\/p>\n<p>-Schizophrenics<\/p>\n<p>-Autistics<\/p>\n<p>-Toxic industry workers<\/p>\n<p>-Pregnant women<\/p>\n<p>-Cessation of oral feeding for more than three weeks<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em>(*Source: Kanlioz M, Ekici U, Ferhato\u011flu MF. Total Gastrointestinal Flora Transplantation in the Treatment of Leaky Gut Syndrome and Flora Loss. Cureus. 2022 Nov 3;14(11):e31071. doi: 10.7759\/cureus.)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Table_2_Donor_Quality_Scoring\"><\/span>Table 2: Donor Quality Scoring<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"height: 1117px;\" width=\"1335\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\"><strong>Criterion<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"8\" width=\"677\"><strong>Score<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Donor Score<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Age (years)<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"176\">0-20 years \u2192 5<\/td>\n<td width=\"167\">21-30 years\u2192 4<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\">31-40 years\u2192 3<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\">41-50 years\u2192 2<\/td>\n<td width=\"93\">50+ years\u2192 1<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Breast Milk (months)<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"176\">1-6 months\u2193\u2192 6<\/td>\n<td width=\"167\">6 months\u2191 \u2192 9<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\">9 months\u2191\u2192 12<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\">12 months\u2191\u219215<\/td>\n<td width=\"93\">24 months\u2191\u219218<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Place of Residence<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"176\">Rural \u2192 10<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"287\">City\u2192 3<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"213\">Metropolitan\u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Chemotherapy<\/td>\n<td width=\"130\">Did not receive \u2192 10<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"7\" width=\"547\">Received \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Radiotherapy<\/td>\n<td width=\"130\">Did not receive \u2192 10<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"7\" width=\"547\">Received \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Hormone Therapy<\/td>\n<td width=\"130\">Did not receive \u2192 10<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"7\" width=\"547\">Received \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">3 Weeks\u2191 Antibiotic<\/td>\n<td width=\"130\">Did not receive \u2192 10<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"7\" width=\"547\">Received \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Immunosuppressive Treatment<\/td>\n<td width=\"130\">Did not receive \u2192 10<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"7\" width=\"547\">Received \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Cessation of Oral Feeding<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"176\">Did not stop\u2192 10<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"287\">7 days \u2193 \u2192 5<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"213\">7+ \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Intensive Care Treatment<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"176\">Did not occur\u2192 10<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"287\">7 days \u2193 \u2192 5<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"213\">7+ \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">DM History<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"176\">None \u2192 10<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"287\">Prediabetes\u2192 3<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"213\">Diabetes \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Allergic Disease<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"131\">None \u2192 5<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"6\" width=\"547\">Present \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Autoimmune Disease<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"131\">None \u2192 5<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"6\" width=\"547\">Present \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Autoimmune Disease in Family<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"131\">None \u2192 2<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"6\" width=\"547\">Present \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Industrial Food Consumption<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"176\">None \u2192 5<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"287\">Very little \u2192 2<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"213\">Present \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Dysentery History<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"176\">None \u2192 5<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"287\">3\u2264 \u2192 2<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"213\">4\u2265 \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Gastroenteritis History<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"176\">None \u2192 5<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"287\">5\u2264 \u2192 2<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"213\">6\u2265 \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">GI Surgery<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"131\">None \u2192 10<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"5\" width=\"546\">Present \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Chronic Drug Use<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"131\">None \u2192 5<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"5\" width=\"546\">Present \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Eating Disorder<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"131\">None \u2192 10<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"5\" width=\"546\">Present \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\">Alcohol Use<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"4\" width=\"176\">None \u2192 10<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"287\">Rarely\u2192 2<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"213\">Very often \u2192 0<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"9\" width=\"844\">Total Score:<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"9\" width=\"844\">Donor Quality According to Score<\/p>\n<p>*125 points and \u2191: Ideal Donor<\/p>\n<p>*100-124 points: Very Good Donor<\/p>\n<p>*90-99 points: Good Donor<\/p>\n<p>*80-89 points: Acceptable Donor<\/p>\n<p>*70-79 points: Poor Quality Donor<\/p>\n<p>*69-\u2193 points: Very Poor Quality Donor<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Total Donor Score:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"166\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"130\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"45\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"167\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"93\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em>(*Source: Kanlioz M, Ekici U, Ferhato\u011flu MF. Total Gastrointestinal Flora Transplantation in the Treatment of Leaky Gut Syndrome and Flora Loss. Cureus. 2022 Nov 3;14(11):e31071. doi: 10.7759\/cureus.)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (Stool Transplant, Fecal Transplant)? Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT), known by its short name FMT in international literature, also commonly referred to as &#8221;Stool Transplant&#8221; or &#8216;&#8216;Fecal Transplant&#8221;, is a procedure in which the transplant material obtained by processing the feces taken from a healthy donor with high biodiversity is transferred &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/what-is-faecal-microbiota-transplantation-stool-transplant-fecal-transplant\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">What is Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (Stool Transplant, Fecal Transplant) ?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4160,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4159","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4159"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4159\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4161,"href":"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4159\/revisions\/4161"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.docdrmuratkanlioz.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}